The societal needs of language technology users are rapidly changing alongside the technological landscape, calling for a deeper understanding of the impact of natural language processing models on user behaviors. As these technologies are increasingly deployed to users, it is ever more important to design culturally responsible and inclusive language technologies that can benefit a diverse population. Towards this end, I present three of our recent works: 1) Discourse-aware generation models for automatic social media moderation and mediation, 2) Sign language processing, and 3) Equitable and human-like dialogue generation models based on learning theory. Finally, I describe my research vision: Building inclusive and collaborative communicative systems and grounded artificial intelligence models by leveraging the cognitive science of language use alongside formal methods of machine learning.