Over the past century, microscopy has evolved significantly through advances in hardware design. However, pushing the boundaries of imaging performance using purely optical and mechanical innovations has become increasingly challenging. Meanwhile, the rapid growth in computational power has transformed the way we process and analyze imaging data, enabling a paradigm shift in microscopy. By offloading complexity from hardware to algorithms, computational microscopy—a rising interdisciplinary field—offers a powerful approach to simplify system design, correct aberrations, and extract more information from data. In this talk, I will explore how computational techniques can enhance modern imaging systems, with case studies in biological and pathological applications that highlight the potential of this synergistic approach.